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Quiver tree poleward migration12/15/2023 However, in the long term, there is a risk that competition between colonizing and endemic species will be to the detriment of the latter, and lead to the total disappearance of some of them. The increase in biodiversity at the summits of European mountain ranges may at first seem like good news. These phenomena have led to a new cohabitation between species endemic to certain peaks – such as the ciliated androsaceus, which is only present in the eastern Pyrenees – and more competitive species found at lower levels, such as mountain Arnica or Alpine meadow grass. On average, the gain in species – affecting eighty-seven per cent of the European summits studied – was five times greater between 20 compared to the period between 19. Observations made on 302 mountain peaks in Europe show that the number of plant species that have colonized the summits is increasing over time – this trend is becoming more pronounced with the acceleration of global warming. Driven by rising temperatures and the shifting of isotherms, many plant species have already reached the summits of several European mountain ranges. In France, forest plant species migrated at an average speed of thirty metres per decade, between 19. This is not so much the case in mountain areas, where the impact of human activities is reduced, and the isotherms are closer together. The average migration speed of these organisms in the lowlands is largely slowed down by the fragmentation of habitats linked to human activities. This includes mammals, birds, amphibians, freshwater fish, insects, and even organisms that are less mobile, such as plants. By meticulously documenting biodiversity over time, scientists can map the distribution of past and present species in an attempt to detect potential migrations.įor terrestrial environments, scientists have identified migrations that are mainly oriented towards the poles in latitude, and towards mountain peaks in altitude. The identification of these changes in the distribution of living things requires large amounts of data, both historical and recent. This redistribution of living things is the tangible manifestation of the invisible movement of isotherms – imaginary lines of the same mean temperature that move towards the poles and mountain peaks like waves, driven by global warming. And yet they are altering the distribution ranges of the species on which we depend directly. There are changes taking place all over the planet, at all latitudes. Researcher in ecology, French National Centre for Scientific Research (CNRS), at the University of Picardie Jules Vernes in Amiens, France. Besides affecting biodiversity, these changes have direct consequences on our food and health. Less spectacular and not as well-known as retreating glaciers or melting Arctic ice – obvious indicators of global warming – the changes that modify the distribution of species are also less perceptible. UNESCO Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger.MGIEP - Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Education for Peace and Sustainable Development.IESALC - International Institute for Higher Education in Latin America and the Caribbean.IITE - Institute for Information Technologies in Education.IICBA - International Institute for Capacity-Building in Africa.IBE - International Bureau of Education.ICTP - International Centre for Theoretical Physics. IIEP - International Institute for Educational Planning.UNEVOC - International Centre for Technical and Vocational Education and Training.Education for Sustainable Development Network.International Coalition of Inclusive and Sustainable Cities – ICCAR.Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission.Advancing the 2030 Sustainable Development Agenda.
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